To analyse local robustness properties of deep neural networks (DNNs), we
present a practical framework from a model learning perspective. Based on
black-box model learning with scenario optimisation, we abstract the local
behaviour of a DNN via an affine model with the probably approximately correct
(PAC) guarantee. From the learned model, we can infer the corresponding
PAC-model robustness property. The innovation of our work is the integration of
model learning into PAC robustness analysis: that is, we construct a PAC
guarantee on the model level instead of sample distribution, which induces a
more faithful and accurate robustness evaluation. This is in contrast to
existing statistical methods without model learning. We implement our method in
a prototypical tool named DeepPAC. As a black-box method, DeepPAC is scalable
and efficient, especially when DNNs have complex structures or high-dimensional
inputs. We extensively evaluate DeepPAC, with 4 baselines (using formal
verification, statistical methods, testing and adversarial attack) and 20 DNN
models across 3 datasets, including MNIST, CIFAR-10, and ImageNet. It is shown
that DeepPAC outperforms the state-of-the-art statistical method PROVERO, and
it achieves more practical robustness analysis than the formal verification
tool ERAN. Also, its results are consistent with existing DNN testing work like
DeepGini.