Various logic-locking schemes have been proposed to protect hardware from
intellectual property piracy and malicious design modifications. Since
traditional locking techniques are applied on the gate-level netlist after
logic synthesis, they have no semantic knowledge of the design function.
Data-driven, machine-learning (ML) attacks can uncover the design flaws within
gate-level locking. Recent proposals on register-transfer level (RTL) locking
have access to semantic hardware information. We investigate the resilience of
ASSURE, a state-of-the-art RTL locking method, against ML attacks. We used the
lessons learned to derive two ML-resilient RTL locking schemes built to
reinforce ASSURE locking. We developed ML-driven security metrics to evaluate
the schemes against an RTL adaptation of the state-of-the-art, ML-based
SnapShot attack.