Kianoush Falahkheirkhah;Saumya Tiwari;Kevin Yeh;Sounak Gupta;Loren Herrera-Hernandez;Michael R. McCarthy;Rafael E. Jimenez;John C. Cheville;Rohit Bhargava
公開日
2022-6-17
所属機関
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign
An optical microscopic examination of thinly cut stained tissue on glass
slides prepared from a FFPE tissue blocks is the gold standard for tissue
diagnostics. In addition, the diagnostic abilities and expertise of any
pathologist is dependent on their direct experience with common as well as
rarer variant morphologies. Recently, deep learning approaches have been used
to successfully show a high level of accuracy for such tasks. However,
obtaining expert-level annotated images is an expensive and time-consuming task
and artificially synthesized histological images can prove greatly beneficial.
Here, we present an approach to not only generate histological images that
reproduce the diagnostic morphologic features of common disease but also
provide a user ability to generate new and rare morphologies. Our approach
involves developing a generative adversarial network model that synthesizes
pathology images constrained by class labels. We investigated the ability of
this framework in synthesizing realistic prostate and colon tissue images and
assessed the utility of these images in augmenting diagnostic ability of
machine learning methods as well as their usability by a panel of experienced
anatomic pathologists. Synthetic data generated by our framework performed
similar to real data in training a deep learning model for diagnosis.
Pathologists were not able to distinguish between real and synthetic images and
showed a similar level of inter-observer agreement for prostate cancer grading.
We extended the approach to significantly more complex images from colon
biopsies and showed that the complex microenvironment in such tissues can also
be reproduced. Finally, we present the ability for a user to generate deepfake
histological images via a simple markup of sematic labels.