This paper proposes Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO)-based
Adversarial Example (AE) design method that performs under black-box setting.
Previous gradient-based methods produce AEs by changing all pixels of a target
image, while previous EC-based method changes small number of pixels to produce
AEs. Thanks to EMO's property of population based-search, the proposed method
produces various types of AEs involving ones locating between AEs generated by
the previous two approaches, which helps to know the characteristics of a
target model or to know unknown attack patterns. Experimental results showed
the potential of the proposed method, e.g., it can generate robust AEs and,
with the aid of DCT-based perturbation pattern generation, AEs for high
resolution images.