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Abstract
The rise of model-sharing through frameworks and dedicated hubs makes Machine
Learning significantly more accessible. Despite their benefits, these tools
expose users to underexplored security risks, while security awareness remains
limited among both practitioners and developers. To enable a more
security-conscious culture in Machine Learning model sharing, in this paper we
evaluate the security posture of frameworks and hubs, assess whether
security-oriented mechanisms offer real protection, and survey how users
perceive the security narratives surrounding model sharing. Our evaluation
shows that most frameworks and hubs address security risks partially at best,
often by shifting responsibility to the user. More concerningly, our analysis
of frameworks advertising security-oriented settings and complete model sharing
uncovered six 0-day vulnerabilities enabling arbitrary code execution. Through
this analysis, we debunk the misconceptions that the model-sharing problem is
largely solved and that its security can be guaranteed by the file format used
for sharing. As expected, our survey shows that the surrounding security
narrative leads users to consider security-oriented settings as trustworthy,
despite the weaknesses shown in this work. From this, we derive takeaways and
suggestions to strengthen the security of model-sharing ecosystems.