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Abstract
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have serious security
vulnerabilities.While safety alignment using multimodal datasets consisting of
text and data of additional modalities can effectively enhance MLLM's security,
it is costly to construct these datasets. Existing low-resource security
alignment methods, including textual alignment, have been found to struggle
with the security risks posed by additional modalities. To address this, we
propose Synthetic Embedding augmented safety Alignment (SEA), which optimizes
embeddings of additional modality through gradient updates to expand textual
datasets. This enables multimodal safety alignment training even when only
textual data is available. Extensive experiments on image, video, and
audio-based MLLMs demonstrate that SEA can synthesize a high-quality embedding
on a single RTX3090 GPU within 24 seconds. SEA significantly improves the
security of MLLMs when faced with threats from additional modalities. To assess
the security risks introduced by video and audio, we also introduced a new
benchmark called VA-SafetyBench. High attack success rates across multiple
MLLMs validate its challenge. Our code and data will be available at
https://github.com/ZeroNLP/SEA.