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Abstract
Decision tree (DT) is a widely used machine learning model due to its
versatility, speed, and interpretability. However, for privacy-sensitive
applications, outsourcing DT training and inference to cloud platforms raise
concerns about data privacy. Researchers have developed privacy-preserving
approaches for DT training and inference using cryptographic primitives, such
as Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC). While these approaches have shown
progress, they still suffer from heavy computation and communication overheads.
Few recent works employ Graphical Processing Units (GPU) to improve the
performance of MPC-protected deep learning. This raises a natural question:
\textit{can MPC-protected DT training and inference be accelerated by GPU?}
We present GTree, the first scheme that uses GPU to accelerate MPC-protected
secure DT training and inference. GTree is built across 3 parties who securely
and jointly perform each step of DT training and inference with GPU. Each MPC
protocol in GTree is designed in a GPU-friendly version. The performance
evaluation shows that GTree achieves ${\thicksim}11{\times}$ and
${\thicksim}21{\times}$ improvements in training SPECT and Adult datasets,
compared to the prior most efficient CPU-based work. For inference, GTree shows
its superior efficiency when the DT has less than 10 levels, which is
$126\times$ faster than the prior most efficient work when inferring $10^4$
instances with a tree of 7 levels. GTree also achieves a stronger security
guarantee than prior solutions, which only leaks the tree depth and size of
data samples while prior solutions also leak the tree structure. With
\textit{oblivious array access}, the access pattern on GPU is also protected.
External Datasets
SPECT
KRKPA7
Adult
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