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Abstract
In advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), smart meters (SMs) are installed
at the consumer side to send fine-grained power consumption readings
periodically to the system operator (SO) for load monitoring, energy
management, billing, etc. However, fraudulent consumers launch electricity
theft cyber-attacks by reporting false readings to reduce their bills
illegally. These attacks do not only cause financial losses but may also
degrade the grid performance because the readings are used for grid management.
To identify these attackers, the existing schemes employ machine-learning
models using the consumers' fine-grained readings, which violates the
consumers' privacy by revealing their lifestyle. In this paper, we propose an
efficient scheme that enables the SO to detect electricity theft, compute
bills, and monitor load while preserving the consumers' privacy. The idea is
that SMs encrypt their readings using functional encryption, and the SO uses
the ciphertexts to (i) compute the bills following dynamic pricing approach,
(ii) monitor the grid load, and (iii) evaluate a machine-learning model to
detect fraudulent consumers, without being able to learn the individual
readings to preserve consumers' privacy. We adapted a functional encryption
scheme so that the encrypted readings are aggregated for billing and load
monitoring and only the aggregated value is revealed to the SO. Also, we
exploited the inner-product operations on encrypted readings to evaluate a
machine-learning model to detect fraudulent consumers. Real dataset is used to
evaluate our scheme, and our evaluations indicate that our scheme is secure and
can detect fraudulent consumers accurately with low communication and
computation overhead.