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Abstract
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are widely employed to detect and mitigate
external network security events. Vehicle ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) continue to
evolve, especially with developments related to Connected Autonomous Vehicles
(CAVs). In this study, we explore the detection of cyber threats in vehicle
networks through ensemble-based machine learning, to strengthen the performance
of the learnt model compared to relying on a single model. We propose a model
that uses Random Forest and CatBoost as our main investigators, with Logistic
Regression used to then reason on their outputs to make a final decision. To
further aid analysis, we use SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis to
examine feature importance towards the final decision stage. We use the
Vehicular Reference Misbehavior (VeReMi) dataset for our experimentation and
observe that our approach improves classification accuracy, and results in
fewer misclassifications compared to previous works. Overall, this layered
approach to decision-making combining teamwork among models with an explainable
view of why they act as they do can help to achieve a more reliable and
easy-to-understand cyber security solution for smart transportation networks.