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Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide
range of applications. However, individual LLMs often produce inconsistent,
biased, or hallucinated outputs due to limitations in their training corpora
and model architectures. Recently, collaborative frameworks such as the
Multi-LLM Network (MultiLLMN) have been introduced, enabling multiple LLMs to
interact and jointly respond to user queries. Nevertheless, MultiLLMN
architectures raise critical concerns regarding the reliability and security of
the generated content, particularly in open environments where malicious or
compromised LLMs may be present. Moreover, reliance on centralized coordination
undermines system efficiency and introduces single points of failure. In this
paper, we propose a novel Trusted MultiLLMN framework, driven by a Weighted
Byzantine Fault Tolerance (WBFT) blockchain consensus mechanism, to ensure the
reliability, security, and efficiency of multi-LLM collaboration. In WBFT,
voting weights are adaptively assigned to each LLM based on its response
quality and trustworthiness, incentivizing reliable behavior, and reducing the
impact of malicious nodes. Extensive simulations demonstrate that WBFT
significantly improves both consensus security and efficiency compared to
classical and modern consensus mechanisms, particularly under wireless network
conditions. Furthermore, our evaluations reveal that Trusted MultiLLMN
supported by WBFT can deliver higher-quality and more credible responses than
both single LLMs and conventional MultiLLMNs, thereby providing a promising
path toward building robust, decentralized AI collaboration networks.